After you have declared the options that the
Zend_Console_Getopt object should recognize, and supply
arguments from the command-line or an array, you can
query the object to find out which options were specified by a user in
a given command-line invocation of your program. The class implements
magic methods so you can query for options by name.
The parsing of the data is deferred until the first query you make
against the Zend_Console_Getopt object to find out if an
option was given, the object performs its parsing. This allows you to
use several method calls to configure the options, arguments, help
strings, and configuration options before parsing takes place.
If the user gave any invalid options on the command-line,
the parsing function throws a Zend_Console_Getopt_Exception.
You should catch this exception in your application code.
You can use the parse() method to force the object
to parse the arguments. This is useful because you can invoke
parse() in a try block. If it passes,
you can be sure that the parsing won't throw an exception again.
The exception thrown has a custom method getUsageMessage(),
which returns as a string the formatted set of usage messages for
all declared options.
例 6.3. Catching Getopt Exceptions
<?php
try {
$opts = new Zend_Console_Getopt('abp:');
$opts->parse();
} catch (Zend_Console_Getopt_Exception $e) {
echo $e->getUsageMessage();
exit;
}
?>
Cases where parsing throws an exception include:
Option given is not recognized.
Option requires a parameter but none was given.
Option parameter is of the wrong type. E.g. a non-numeric string when an integer was required.
You can use the getOption() method to query the value
of an option. If the option had a parameter, this method returns
the value of the parameter. If the option had no parameter but
the user did specify it on the command-line, the method returns
true. Otherwise the method returns null.
例 6.4. Using getOption()
<?php
$opts = new Zend_Console_Getopt('abp:');
$b = $opts->getOption('b');
$p_parameter = $opts->getOption('p');
?>
Alternatively, you can use the magic __get() function
to retrieve the value of an option as if it were a class member
variable. The __isset() magic method is also
implemented.
例 6.5. Using __get() and __isset() magic methods
<?php
$opts = new Zend_Console_Getopt('abp:');
if (isset($opts->b)) {
echo "I got the b option.\n";
}
$p_parameter = $opts->p; // null if not set
?>
If your options are declared with aliases, you may use any of the aliases for an option in the methods above.
There are several methods to report the full set of options given by the user on the current command-line.
As a string: use the toString() method. The options
are returned as a space-separated string of "flag=value"
pairs. The value of an option that does not have a parameter
is the literal string "true".
As an array: use the toArray() method. The options
are returned in a simple integer-indexed array of strings, the flag
strings followed by parameter strings, if any.
As a string containing JSON data: use the toJson() method.
As a string containing XML data: use the toXml() method.
In all of the above dumping methods, the flag string is the
first string in the corresponding list of aliases. For example,
if the option aliases were declared like "verbose|v",
then the first string, "verbose", is used as the
canonical name of the option. The name of the option flag does not
include any preceding dashes.
After option arguments and their parameters have been
parsed from the command-line, there may be additional arguments
remaining. You can query these arguments using the
getRemainingArgs() method. This method returns
an array of the strings that were not part of any options.
例 6.6. Using getRemainingArgs()
<?php
$opts = new Zend_Console_Getopt('abp:');
$opts->setArguments(array('-p', 'p_parameter', 'filename'));
$args = $opts->getRemainingArgs(); // returns array('filename')
?>
Zend_Console_Getopt supports the GNU convention that
an argument consisting of a double-dash signifies the end of
options. Any arguments following this signifier must be treated as
non-option arguments. This is useful if you might have a non-option
argument that begins with a dash.
For example: "rm -- -filename-with-dash".